Molecular Genetics: Gene Isolation, Characterization and Manipulation

摘要: The information encoded in genetic material (deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA) is responsible for establishing and maintaining the cellular biochemical functions of an organism. In most organisms, DNA extended double-stranded polymer. sequence units (deoxyribonucleotides) one strand complementary to deoxyribonucleotides other strand. This complementarity enables new molecules be synthesized with same linear array each as original molecule. process synthesis called replication. A specific order determines content individual element (gene). Some genes encode proteins others RNA molecules. protein-coding (structural genes) are decoded by two successive major processes: (transcription) protein (translation). First, a messenger molecule (mRNA) from structural gene. Second, mRNA interacts components including ribosomes, transfer RNAs enzymes produce consists precise amino acids which essential its activity.