Evaluating the landscape of fear between apex predatory sharks and mobile sea turtles across a large dynamic seascape

摘要: The ''landscape of fear'' model has been proposed as a unifying concept in ecology, describing, part, how animals behave and move about their environment. basic predicts that an animal's landscape changes from low to high risk predation, prey species will alter behavior avoidance. However, studies investigating evaluating the fear across large spatial scales (tens hundreds thousands square kilometers) dynamic, open, aquatic systems involving apex predators highly mobile are lacking. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated predator- relationships between tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) North Atlantic Ocean. This included use satellite tracking examine shark turtle distributions well surfacing behaviors under varying levels home range overlap. Our findings revealed patterns deviated our priori predictions based on model. Specifically, did not avoidance when overlap shark-turtle core was high. areas with turtles, exhibited modified may enhance predation opportunity. We suggest be important factor determining distribution, whereas for other life history trade-offs play larger role defining habitat use. propose these result both biotic physically driven factors independently or synergistically affect predator-prey interac- tions system. These results have implications evolutionary biology, community wildlife conservation. Further, given difficulty studying migratory marine species, approach conclusions applied study systems.