Ein Beitrag zur Systematik und Entwicklungsbiologie höherer Pilze: Hefe-Typen der Basidiomyceten. Teil II:Microbotryum-Typ

摘要: In this and three further papers 205 yeasts yeast states of Basidiomycetes presumed relatives were investigated comparatively on the basis carbohydrate (neutral sugars) pattern purified cell walls, urease-activity, diazonium blue B reaction production extracellular amyloid compounds (EAS), fermentation carbohydrates, ubiquinone data. A clustering leading to Protomyces-, Microbotryum-, Ustilago-, Dacrymyces-, Tremella-type became apparent, especially from qualitative quantitative wall pattern. The different types correspond well with 5S rRNA clusters known literature. 31 strains within Microbotryum-type comprise phragmobasidial smut fungi dicotyledonous hosts (Microbotryum. Sphacelotheca), Rhodosporidium- Leucosporidium-species including some anamorph Rhodotorula-species, which lack an oxidative degradation myo-inositol, genera Sporobolomyces Sporidiobolus, Septobasidiales simple septate Auriculariales e.g. Agaricostilbum, Platygloea. Main characteristics are: 1. The absence compounds. 2. dominance mannose presence fucose as constituents. 3. positive DBB-reaction splitting urea. Four Ustilago species parasitic transfered Microbotryum (M. scabiosae, M. scorzonerae, cordae, vinosum) a consequence composition, rhodotorulic acid, sequence data literature. The predominance in — otherwise only ascomycetous –, type secondary structure rRNA, unifactorial mating system all suggest that might be ancestral Ustilago-type. An evolution (“siphonal”) holobasidia “pseudotrichal” phragmobasidia will discussed.