Reproductive behaviour of wild chimpanzees in the Gombe National Park, Tanzania.

摘要: (1) The reproductive behaviour of chimpanzees in the Gombe National Park, Tanzania, was studied for 16 months and additional information came from 19 years demographic data collected by Dr Jane Goodall members Stream Research Centre. (2) mating system comprises 3 patterns: (a) opportunistic, non-competitive mating, when an oestrous female may be mated all males group; (b) possessiveness, a male forms special short-term relationship with prevent lower ranking copulating her; (c) consortships, leave group remain alone, actively avoiding other chimpanzees. While took initiative possessive females had to co-operate successful develop. (3) Data 14 conceptions indicated that majority (9) became pregnant while participating restrictive patterns, possessiveness consorting. Adult showed differential frequencies involvement patterns. following characteristics significant, positive correlations participation amount time spent same as females, proportion grooming frequency which shared food females. Dominance ranks adult no consistent correlation but it clear most dominant did gain advantage. He only able monopolize showing possessiveness. (4) Developmental observations show have very limited potential. Females reached menarche at about 11 age this followed period adolescent sterility median length 26 months. Each birth, if infant survived, long lactational amenorrhoea duration 42 mean inter-birth interval 5 8 Thus, theoretical lifetime potential is 5-6 offspring who survive weaning. on achieved success births their lifetime, 2 surviving age.