Identification of Cellular Targets for Virally-Encoded miRNAs by Ectopic Expression and Gene Expression Profiling

摘要: Since the first report in 2005, more than 120 microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified many double stranded DNA viruses-mainly herpesviruses and polyomaviruses [12, 68, 69, 82, 92]. MiRNAs are short 22 ± 3 nt RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by binding to 3′ UTRs of target mRNAs thereby inducing translational silencing and/or mRNA degradation [1, 3]. Because miRNAs require only limited complementarity, miRNA targets difficult determine [24]. Indeed, date experimentally verified for three viruses. SV40 encodes a which viral large T antigen [92]. Several KSHV Thrombospondin 1, potent inhibitor angiogenesis [82]. In addition, one miRNA, miRK122-11, mimics human hsa-miR-155, involved hematopoiesis tumorigenesis. CMV both cellular [31, 90]. Thus, virally encoded fundamental biological processes such as immune recognition, promotion cell survival, may contribute First, we briefly summarize our current knowledge on identification with special emphasis herpesviruses. Next, will discuss work KSHV-encoded illustrate how provide unique opportunity identification, challenges lying ahead deciphering their potential roles biology, pathogenesis.