Weighing the Costs and Benefits of State Renewables Portfolio Standards in the United States: A Comparative Analysis of State-Level Policy Impact Projections

作者: Cliff Chen

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摘要: Weighing the Costs and Benefits of State Renewables Portfolio Standards in United States: A Comparative Analysis State-Level Policy Impact Projections Cliff Chen, Ryan Wiser * , Andrew Mills, Mark Bolinger Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90R4000, CA 94720, USA Abstract: renewables portfolio standards (RPS) have emerged as one most important policy drivers renewable energy capacity expansion U.S. As RPS policies been proposed or adopted an increasing number states, a growing studies attempted to quantify potential impacts these policies, focusing primarily on cost impacts, but sometimes also estimating macroeconomic, risk reduction, environmental effects. This article synthesizes analyzes results methodologies 31 distinct state utility-level cost-impact analyses completed since 1998. Together, model 20 different states. We highlight key findings projected costs examine sensitivity assumptions, evaluate reasonableness input suggest possible areas improvement for future analyses. conclude that while there is considerable uncertainty study results, majority project modest impacts. Seventy percent retail electricity rate increases no greater than percent. Nonetheless, room improving analytic methods, therefore accuracy, estimates. Keywords: Standards, Meta-Analysis, Energy Market Corresponding author. Tel.: +1510 486 5474; fax: 6996. E-mail addresses: rhwiser@lbl.gov (R. Wiser), cchen@ucsusarg (C. Chen), admills@lbl.gov (A. Mills), mabolinger@lbl.gov (M. Bolinger)

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