It’s the Policy, Stupid! Sector-Specific Non-compliance in the European Union

摘要: How can we explain variation in occurrence and persistence of non-compliance across policy sectors the European Union? A mapping official infringement proceedings shows that differ their share infringed directives degree resistance by member states against enforcement pressures Commission. The chance incorrect or absent transposition EU seems to be influenced cost compliance. We argue costs compliance are higher with a wider regulatory scope mostly consistent market-correcting policies substantial redistributive consequences. paper presents first findings sector model non-compliance. test several sector-specific explanations based on data all officially opened Commission over last three decades. Our show is most severe lower density, especially when have made concessions Parliament. type its legislative are, hence, important factors predict problems states.