SNOW-AVALANCHE HAZARDS IN GLACIER NATIONAL PARK, MONTANA: METEOROLOGIC AND CLIMATOLOGIC ASPECTS

作者: David R. Butler

DOI: 10.1080/02723646.1986.10642282

关键词:

摘要: Hazardous snow avalanches in Glacier National Park, Montana, are associated with a variety of meteorologic conditions: heavy snow; snows followed by rise air temperature to above freezing; freezing, without precipitation; and rain association above-freezing temperatures. Years major, widespread avalanching may be recognized examination historical information tree-ring data. Avalanche types include slab avalanches, wet dry loose avalanches. February is the peak avalanche month. Intraannual seasonalities trigger mechanisms type related. The presence sun crusts some cases provides unstable stratigraphic planes snowpack over which freshly deposited glide. Destructive windblasts also occur Insufficient data from east Continental Divide precluded comparison western a...

参考文章(20)
B.B. Fitzharris, P. A. Schaerer, Frequency of major avalanche winters Journal of Glaciology. ,vol. 26, pp. 43- 52 ,(1980) , 10.1017/S0022143000010571
R. G. W. Ward, Avalanche Hazard in the Cairngorm Mountains, Scotland Journal of Glaciology. ,vol. 26, pp. 31- 41 ,(1980) , 10.3189/S0022143000201020
H. J. McPherson, The Use of Time Lapse Photography to Monitor Avalanche Activity and Snow Behaviour 1984 International Snow Science Workshop, Aspen, Colorado, USA. pp. 167- 171 ,(1984)
Arthur Judson, Rudy M. King, An index of regional snow-pack stability based on natural slab avalanches Journal of Glaciology. ,vol. 31, pp. 67- 73 ,(1985) , 10.1017/S0022143000006286
R. G. W. Ward, E. D. G. langmuir, B. Beattie, Snow profiles and avalanche activity in the Cairngorm Mountains, Scotland Journal of Glaciology. ,vol. 31, pp. 18- 27 ,(1985) , 10.1017/S0022143000004949
Helgi Björnsson, Avalanche Activity in Iceland, Climatic Conditions, and Terrain Features Journal of Glaciology. ,vol. 26, pp. 13- 23 ,(1980) , 10.3189/S0022143000201007
O. Buser, W. Good, Avalanche Forecast: Experience Using Nearest Neighbors 1984 International Snow Science Workshop, Aspen, Colorado, USA. pp. 109- 115 ,(1984)
A. Judson, On the potential use of index paths for avalanche assessment Journal of Glaciology. ,vol. 29, pp. 178- 184 ,(1983) , 10.1017/S0022143000005232
Charles C. Bradley, The Location and Timing of Deep Slab Avalanches Journal of Glaciology. ,vol. 9, pp. 253- 261 ,(1970) , 10.3189/S002214300002356X