No evidence for verbal memory impairment in individuals putatively at risk for bipolar disorder.

摘要: Abstract Background Hypomanic temperament and rigid personality are putative risk factors for affective episodes even bipolar disorder. Individuals with disorder exhibit neuropsychological impairments, especially memory difficulties, not only during mood but also when they euthymic. Such cognitive impairments may constitute a factor The purpose of the present study was to investigate presence difficulties in individuals hypomanic traits. Methods Study participants were 6000 German students recruited from high schools, colleges, vocational schools Germany. completed Personality Scale Rigidity subscale Munich Test. Four groups selected this sample based on their scores subscale: (1) temperament, (2) or (3) hypomanic-rigid (4) control participants. These (n = 153) Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning Test, well-established measure verbal learning memory, as well an IQ test (Leistungsprufsystem). Results Multiple regression analyses indicated that sex IQ, predicted Auditory Test word list, number words recalled at short-delayed recall, recognition. Limitations disorders defined by psychometric measures, we did family history disorders. Conclusions Rigid associated memory. Cognitive impairment be repeated rather than constituting