Stuxnet and the Limits of Cyber Warfare

摘要: Stuxnet, the computer worm which disrupted Iranian nuclear enrichment in 2010, is first instance of a network attack known to cause physical damage across international boundaries. Some have described Stuxnet as harbinger new form warfare that threatens even strongest military powers. The influential but largely untested Cyber Revolution thesis holds internet gives militarily weaker actors asymmetric advantages, offense becoming easier while defense growing harder, and attacker's anonymity undermines deterrence. However, empirical facts support an opposite interpretation; cyber capabilities can marginally enhance power stronger over actors, complexity weaponization makes less easy more feasible than generally appreciated, options are most attractive when deterrence intact. suggests considerable social technical uncertainties associated with operations ...