Modelling the impacts of payments for biodiversity conservation on regional land-use patterns

摘要: Abstract We present a land-use allocation model that evaluates the impact of payments for ecosystem services such as biodiversity conservation on patterns. In non-linear optimisation procedure, land use is allocated at farm level, taking into account risk behaviour, and spatial well temporal variability net revenues alternatives, using resolution 29 m × 29 m. The applied to study area 30 km × 34 km in western Ecuador, considered hotspot biodiversity. this coffee growing region, agroforestry systems with shade-coffee are important landscape but under pressure due low revenues. Through scenario analyses, we analyse effects price premiums per kg, ha, buffering coffee, incentives leading yield increases, ha forest remnants. compare different aversion levels involved agents. conclude more efficient maintain or increase areas than kg. Price may be most cost-effective way support production, especially high-risk levels. Significant increases necessary make attractive compared other alternatives. Relatively can significantly forested land. Risk behaviour turns out an factor when determining possible effect services. versatile tool planning conserving ecosystems.