Energy Use in Premanufacture (Mining)

摘要: Abstract The product material supply chain starts with stage 1 in manufacturing. In Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) or an SLCA (streamlined LCA) this is premanufacture. Ideally the first recycled material, however most comes from mining, and will do so for foreseeable future. has five elements: energy, solids, liquid gas. Important considerations are water use (liquids), emissions (toxicity carbon) energy consumption. This paper considers mining extraction, particular consumption by equipment such as LHD's (Load-Haul-Dump machinery) HVAC systems.