Optical Thermonuclear Transients From Tidal Compression of White Dwarfs as Tracers of the Low End of the Massive Black Hole Mass Function

摘要: In this paper, we model the observable signatures of tidal disruptions white dwarf (WD) stars by massive black holes (MBHs) moderate mass, $\approx 10^3 - 10^5 M_\odot$. When WD passes deep enough within MBH's field, these include thermonuclear transients from burning during maximum compression. We combine a hydrodynamic simulation that includes nuclear disruption $0.6 M_\odot$ C/O with Monte Carlo radiative transfer calculation to synthesize properties representative transient. The transient's emission emerges in optical, lightcurves and spectra reminiscent type I SNe. are strongly viewing-angle dependent, key spectral 10,000$ km s$^{-1}$ Doppler shifts due orbital motion unbound ejecta. Disruptions He WDs likely produce large quantities intermediate-mass elements, offering possible production mechanism for Ca-rich transients. Accompanying multiwavelength fueled accretion arise nascent disk relativistic jet. If MBHs mass exist number densities similar those supermassive MBHs, both high energy wide-field monitors upcoming optical surveys should detect tens hundreds per year. current best strategy their detection may therefore be follow up high-energy unusually-long duration. rate or non-detection can thus used place meaningful constraints on extrapolation MBH function masses.