Physiological Indices of Bilingualism: Oral-Motor Coordination and Speech Rate in Bengali-English Speakers.

摘要: Purpose To examine how age of immersion and proficiency in a 2nd language influence speech movement variability speaking rate both 1st language. Method A group 21 Bengali–English bilingual speakers participated. Lip jaw movements were recorded. For all speakers, lip was assessed based on productions Bengali (L1; language) English (L2; sentences. analyses related to the L2 production processes, participants sorted into low- (n = 7) high-proficiency groups. evaluated for these groups across L1 Results Surprisingly, adult produced equally consistent patterns their L2. When according proficiency, highly proficient marginally more variable L1. In addition, there some phoneme-specific effects, mo...