The role of gastrointestinal hormones in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes

摘要: Obesity, influencing the increase of incidence type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular complications and cancer is a growing medical problem worldwide. The feelings hunger satiety are stimulated by “gut-brain axis”, where crucial role played gastrointestinal hormones: glucagon-like peptide 1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, pancreatic YY, oxyntomodulin, cholecystokinin ghrelin. These hormones affect not only functioning digestive tract, but also might have effects on insulin secretion mediators which brain areas involved in regulation food intake. effect their actions can be antagonistic as well an additive or synergistic, dependent many factors, such dietary nutrients energy state body. Changes circulating gut concentrations result activation various pathways primarily within hypothalamus stem areas, modulate feeding behaviour number metabolic processes.