Optimal Foraging: A Selective Review of Theory and Tests

摘要: Beginning with Emlen (1966) and MacArthur Pianka extending through the last ten years, several authors have sought to predict foraging behavior of animals by means mathematical models. These models are very similar,in that they all assume fitness a animal is function efficiency measured in terms some "currency" (Schoener, 1971) -usually energy- natural selection has resulted forage so as maximize this fitness. As result these similarities, become known "optimal models"; theory embodies them, theory." The situations which optimal been applied, exception few recent studies, can be divided into following four categories: (1) choice an food types eat (i.e., diet); (2) patch type feed choice); (3) allocation time different patch...