Mild iodine deficiency in pregnancy in Europe and its consequences for cognitive and psychomotor development of children: A review

摘要: a b s t r c Despite the introduction of salt iodization programmes as national measures to control iodine deficiency, several European countries are still suffering from mild deficiency (MID). In sufficient or mildly deficient areas, during pregnancy frequently appears in case mater- nal thyroid gland cannot meet demand for increasing production hormones (TH) and its effect may be damaging neurodevelopment foetus. MID lead hypothyroxinaemia mother and/or elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels foetus, these conditions have been found related subclinical cognitive psy- chomotor deficits neonates, infants children. The consequences depend upon timing severity hypothyroxinaemia. However, it needs noted that is difficult establish direct link between maternal hypothyroxinaemia, well neonatal TSH at birth. Finally, some studies suggest supplementation first trimester until end decrease risk psychomotor developmental delay offspring. © 2013 Published by Elsevier GmbH.