Screening for Sulfolobales, their Plasmids and their Viruses in Icelandic Solfataras

摘要: Summary We have sampled acidic springs, water and mud holes of 14 major solfataric fields Iceland in order to isolate both heterotrophic autotrophic members the Sulfolobales find affiliated genetic elements e.g. plasmids viruses. The diverstiy 120 isolates was analysed by comparing DNA restriction fragment patterns. 44 belonged only two types, solfataricus (S) type islandicus (I) as judged patterns their DNAs. None able grow autotrophically. more than 70 three Desulfurolobus (D) type, closely related A and, rarely, B type. heterotrophically. Primary colonies often gave rise obligately when submitted selection, probably because they constituted synthrophic associatons. Inversely, primary sometimes yielded selection. Cell-free filtrates field samples precipitated with PEG 6000 different types viruslike particles visualized electron microscopy. Some these were Thermoproteus No infectious or even lytic virus obtained from samples. Four multicopy plasmids, three, pRN1, pRN2 pHE7 hosts one, pDL10, originally found ambivalens DSM 3772, occurring all but autotrophs D characterized used for developing cloning vectors. All 18 representatives S none I lysogenic SSV1 discovered S. shibatae. Different lysogens exhibited ratios free circular linearly integrated viral DNA. KVEM10H1 multiplied SSV 1 did not integrate its genome into chromosome. One one carried doublestranded viruses, SIRV DAFV. is a stiff rod, 0.95 μm long 0.026 diameter, consisting 33 kbpairs linear double stranded DNA, strongly basic binding protein terminal tentacles involved attachment thin filaments, most pili. It lacks membrane hydrophobic coat represents novel tpye. flexible filamentous DAFV, 2.3 0.027 containing 56 double-stranded appears be enwrapped membrane. resembles lipotrixviridae, TTV2.