作者: Maryann Kwa , Francisco J. Esteva
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35955-9.00066-0
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摘要: Abstract Distant metastasis is the leading cause of tumor-related death from breast cancer. Hematogenous dissemination tumor cells primary to distant sites cannot be detected by standard imaging methods. There has been growing interest in role circulating (CTCs) peripheral blood, which may serve as a marker occult systemic micrometastatic disease. The detection and characterization CTCs provided important insight into early development metastasis, well prognostic predictive information metastatic In this review, we describe biology, strategies, clinical application CTCs. genetic molecular great potential improve understanding biology optimize personalized cancer treatment.