Legal geographies of kava, kastom and indigenous knowledge: Next steps under the Nagoya Protocol

摘要: Abstract A binding international regulatory regime over access and benefit-sharing relating to biological resources related traditional (including Indigenous) knowledge was established through the Nagoya Protocol on Access Genetic Resources Fair Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization Convention Biological Diversity 2010 (Nagoya Protocol), which entered into force in October 2014. The encourages country Parties take consideration Indigenous local communities’ customary laws, community protocols procedures, as applicable, with respect associated genetic support for creation protocols. With a focus kava plant (Piper methysticum), this article explores some issues implementation at state scales. We explore concerns around patent activity potential impacts upon uses especially Vanuatu. then consider recent activities reforms being undertaken relation kastom Vanuatu, may be relevance development regimes improved regional protection knowledge.