Comparison of surface energy exchange models with eddy flux data in forest and grassland ecosystems of Germany

摘要: Latent heat, which plays a major role in the energy balance of ecosystems, is usually calculated different types models, e.g., water approaches, aggregated “big-leaf” multi-layer ecosystem process that can be generally catalogued as Soil–Vegetation–Atmosphere–Transport models (SVATs) broader sense, etc. In this study, four (multi-) layered (PLant-ATmosphere INteraction model (PLATIN), MixFor-SVAT, SVAT-CN, PnET-N-DNDC) and an atmospheric boundary layer including vegetation (HIgh Resolution Vegetation Atmosphere Coupler (HIRVAC)) were used to predict latent heat (LE) sensible (H) exchange target area VERTIKO, research project on vertical transports trace gases their spatial/temporal extrapolation under complex natural conditions. Investigated Norway spruce forest, two grassland sites Brandenburg Saxony (Germany) during field campaigns 2001 2002. Four had half-hourly hourly time steps, but PnET-N-DNDC daily step. All meteorological conditions above canopy input, computed LE H independently, or residual balance. Intercomparisons Abbreviations: b, offset linear regression; [CO 2], CO2 concentration; DoY, day year; EC, eddy covariance; ET, evapotranspiration; E0, potential evaporation; FB, fractional bias; IA, index agreement; LW, longwave radiation; m, slope MAE, mean absolute error; NIR, near infrared P, air pressure; PAR, photosynthetic active PPT, precipitation; R.H., relative humidity; Rg, global radiation, incoming shortwave RMSE, root square Rn, net S.E. y, standard error for y estimate; S.E., parameter; Ta, temperature; u, wind speed