Interpersonal Functions of the Self-Esteem Motive

摘要: In a discipline with few universally accepted principles, the proposition that people are motivated to maintain and enhance their self-esteem has achieved rare status of an axiom. The notion want think highly themselves, behave in ways promote self-esteem, become distressed when needs for unmet can be found writings classic personality theorists (Adler, 1930; Allport, 1937; Horney, Rogers, 1959), contemporary social psychologists (Green-berg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1986; Greenwald, 1980; Greenwald Breckler, 1985; Steele, 1988; Taylor Brown, Tesser, 1988), clinicians (Bednar, Wells, Peterson, 1989). motive been invoked as explanation wide variety behaviors, including prejudice (Katz, 1960), self-serving attributions (Blaine Crocker, 1993; Snyder, Stephan, Rosenfield, 1978), reactions evaluations (S. C. Jones, 1973), self-handicapping (E. E. Jones Berglas, responses counterattitudinal behavior (Steele, self-presentation (Schlenker, 1980). Furthermore, low linked problems such depression, alcohol abuse, suicide, eating disorders, high implicated good mental health (e.g., Baumeister, 1991; Bednar et al., 1989; 1988). If previous researchers correct claims, need protect one’s constitutes exceptionally pervasive important motive.