FORESTE DI AREA TEMPERATA: STRUTTURE E DINAMICHE A CONFRONTO IN POPOLAMENTI VERGINI E LASCIATI A LIBERA EVOLUZIONE

摘要: A proper understanding of forest stands structure and dynamics is important in order to apply a sustainable management. Forest analysis studies the interactions between size classes trees, age classes, species, role natural human disturbances etc. Those relationships emerge from interpretation different data (dbh, height, age, annual increments, deadwood, XY position each tree stand…), which give information assess organization functionality ecosystem. Time space are two main factors dynamics. Concerning time, magnitude should be consistent with generation time ecosystems, so we need carry out long-term research. In this context, permanent plots essential instruments, since they permit acquisition database at regular intervals projects, reflect tendency ecosystems change slowly. The spatial scale these set catch trends vegetation. particular, surfaces 1-4 ha considered large enough capture presence groups gradients, expression ongoing population mesoscale level. This work focused on study structures some representative types exploitation regimes. analyses were conducted 4 plots, located Eastern Carpathians (virgin forests) Alps (previously managed left development). On all trees taller than 1.3 m mapped for dbh, height lowest living branch, crown radii projection, increment cores, measured. objective was compare virgin forest, extent impact latter stands. general found that areas, without major disturbances, present more complex previously ones, even if sometimes development decades. lead towards simplification composition: signs unimodal diameter distributions, random distribution almost monospecific groups. homogeneous still evident after decades last intervention. long term will see those develop or tend maintain their actual structure.