摘要: AbstractWe now turn to a question which has received much attention of recent years; the possibility transforming angular and linear field measures an orthomorphic projection so that results survey may be computed directly in plane Co-ordinates without having go through spheroid at all. Initially, projections were introduced into surveying practice for this very object. Over short lines they import little distortion angles minor surveys, whose error measurement is comparable with such distortion, reduced rectangular co-ordinate system just as if earth flat. But present application goes far beyond that. We no longer ignore distortions lengths, but systematically introduce them work higher precision considerable extent also adjusted co-ordinates.