Early life trauma and directional brain connectivity within major depression.

摘要: Objective: Early life trauma (ELT) is a significant risk factor for the onset of depression. Emerging findings indicate ELT associated with enhanced amygdala reactivity to aversive stimuli in never-depressed healthy controls as well those acute depression but may be absent non-ELT exposed depressed. The precise mechanism mediating these differences remains unclear. Method: authors used Granger causality methods evaluate task-based directional connectivity between medial or lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) and 20 unmedicated patients current major depressive disorder (MDD) 19 matched while participants engaged an affective variant flanker task comparing response sad neutral faces. These data were correlated childhood history. Results: Exposure was failure inhibition within MDD group based on PFC–amygdala connectivity. In contrast, negative causal pathway from amygdala, despite reduced dorsolateral PFC input comparison controls. Neither demonstrated Conclusions: Failure circuit implicated emotion regulation history not more broadly. Non-ELT related intact absence difference severity illness. opposing system-level relative are expressed differential reactivity. Hum Brain Mapp 35:4815–4826, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.