Microaquaria for time-lapse cinematographic studies of morphogenesis in swimming larvae and observations on sea urchin gastrulation

摘要: Abstract A technique is described which permits a time-lapse cinematographic analysis of morphogenetic processes sea urchin larvae and other marine larvae, the rapid swimming movements normally prohibit use recording. The method has been applied to gastrulation Psammechinus miliaris in experiments on single for periods up 12 hours with little disturbance normal development. preliminary film focuses attention contractile pseudopodia as operative units gastrulation. Such mediate migration primary mesenchyme cells. Pseudopodia are also active second phase invagination archenteron. During this phase, formed by cells tip archenteron rudiment. By contraction these pseudopodia, attach themselves ectoderm, pulled animal direction.