作者: Adrián Baños-Villalba , Guillermo Blanco , José A. Díaz-Luque , Francisco V. Dénes , Fernando Hiraldo
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-017-07697-5
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摘要: Seed dispersal is one of the most studied plant–animal mutualisms. It has been proposed that many large-seeded plants from Neotropical forests was primarily conducted by extinct megafauna, and currently livestock. Parrots can transport large fruits using their beaks, but have overlooked as seed dispersers. We demonstrate three macaws (Ara ararauna, A. glaucogularis severus) are main dispersers motacu palm Attalea princeps, which biomass-dominant tree in Bolivian Amazonian savannas. Macaws dispersed at high rates (75–100% fruits) to distant (up 1200 m) perching trees, where they consumed pulp discarded entire seeds, contributing forest regeneration connectivity between islands. The spatial distribution immature palms positively associated proximity macaws’ trees negatively cattle paths. disperser role livestock, presumably a substitute for had little effect due soil compaction, trampling herbivory. Our results underscore importance legitimate, primary long distances and, specifically, key shaping landscape structure functioning this biome.