The Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Clinical Features, Factors Influencing Prognosis and Principles of Management

摘要: The adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an important and common medical emergency likely to occur in all hospitals dealing care. occurs from a variety of diffuse pulmonary injuries which are either direct or indirect attacks on the lung parenchyma. Once damage occurs, exudation fluid loss surfactant activity leads impaired gas exchange reduced compliance. presents clinically as marked distress, tachypnea, cyanosis, refractory hypoxemia, high inflation pressure requirements during ventilatory support, alveolar infiltrates chest roentgenograms postmortem congestion, hyperemia hyaline membrane formation. Principles management include adequate support oxygen transport, ventilation circulation employing volume respirators with positive end-expiratory (PEEP). During phase, further injury terms overload, toxicity infection, must be prevented treated. When these principles followed, recovery often spite severe indicated by first two illustrative cases.