Clinical, toxicological and pharmacological aspects of gemcitabine

摘要: Gemcitabine (2’,2’-difluorodeoxycytidine; dFdCyd) is a novel deoxycytidine analogue with both structural and metabolic similarities to cytarabine. cytarabine each differ from the nucleotide by modifications at 2’ position of sugar moiety in molecule, having two fluorine atoms or one hydroxyl group this position, respectively (Figure 1). Both drugs require intracellular phosphorylation their cytotoxic triphosphates. Despite these important similarities, gemcitabine greatly anti-tumour activities. Cytarabine most active chemotherapeutic leukemia, but its activity solid tumours minimal. Gemcitabine, on other hand, has shown variety tumours. The results phase I II studies have been reviewed before (I). However, since then, more clinical become available. This article reviews current clinical, toxicological pharmacological data gemcitabine.