Early divergence dates of demosponges based on mitogenomics and evaluated fossil calibrations
作者： Jun-Ye Ma , Qun Yang
DOI: 10.1016/J.PALWOR.2015.03.004
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摘要: Abstract Demosponges are among the most primitive biomineralized metazoans to appear first in fossil record with hard skeletons; their confirmed earliest fossils from lower Cambrian rocks about 520 Ma, putative demosponge biomarkers reported 713 635 Ma sediments. In this study, we use mitogenomic data approach early divergence timescale of demosponges using relaxed molecular clock techniques and likelihood-evaluated calibration strategies. We found that various dating models, correlated rate model yielded time estimates analysis which is congruent appearance dates demosponges. Our analyses show crown groups Demospongiae appeared at 704 (674–741) Ma, silicification (divergence spicular sponges) began 633 (616–648) Ma indicating a gap over 100 million years between origin unequivocal siliceous spicules (520–525 Ma); tetraxon-type (Tetractinellida) dated here 514 (498–530) Ma, an estimate comparable tetraxial megasclere records (510–520 Ma, Ordian Age, middle Cambrian).
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