Analysis and Manipulation of the Structure of Odor Plumes from a Piezo-Electric Release System and Measurements of Upwind Flight of Male Almond Moths, Cadra cautella, to Pheromone Plumes

摘要: We investigated the plume structure of a piezo-electric sprayer system, set up to release ethanol in wind tunnel, using fast response mini-photoionizaton detector. recorded four different piezo-sprayer configurations: alone; with 1.6-mm steel mesh shield; 3.2-mm and 5 cm circular upwind baffle. measured 12 × 12-mm core at center plume, both horizontal vertical cross-section all 100-, 200-, 400-mm downwind odor source. Significant differences were found among configurations terms conditional relative mean concentration, intermittency, ratio peak concentration cross-sectional area plume. then flight responses almond moth, Cadra cautella, plumes generated alone, baffle configuration, releasing 13:1 (9Z,12E)-tetradecadienyl acetate (Z)-9-tetradecenyl diluted rates 1, 10, 100, 1,000 pg/min. For each pheromone rate resulted significant proportions moths performing oriented landing behaviors. Additionally, there apparent moths’ behaviors between two configurations, although this requires confirmation further experiments. This study provides evidence that affect moth orientation behavior demonstrates care is needed when setting experiments use system ensure optimal conditions for behavioral observations.