摘要: Preface. Section 1: Introduction to the Study of Birds in Urban Environments. 1. A historical perspective on urban bird research: trends, terms, and approaches J.M. Marzluff, R. Bowman, Donnelly. 2. Worldwide urbanization its effects birds Marzluff. 3. Synanthropic North America R.F. Johnston. 4. Human perception appreciation birds: motivation for wildlife conservation environments France P. Clergeau, G. Mennechez, A. Sauvage, Lemoine. 5. Quantifying gradient: linking planning ecology M. Alberti, E. Botsford, Cohen. 6. Urbanization, avian communities, landscape J.R. Miller, Fraterrigo, N. Thompson Hobbs, D.M. Theobald, J.A. Wiens. 7. The importance multi-scale analyses habitat selection studies Hostetler. 2: Processes Affecting 8. Population, community, D. Bolger. 9. Interactions among non-native plants S. Hayden Reichard, L. Chalker-Scott, Buchanan. 10. sprawl juniper encroachment abundance wintering passerines Oklahoma B.R. Coppedge, Engle, S.D. Fuhlendorf, R.E. Masters, M.S. Gregory. 11. Nest predator D.G. Haskell, A.M. Knupp, M.C. Schneider. 12. Bird tolerance human disturbance parks Madrid (Spain): Management implications Fernandez-Juricic, M.D. Jiminez, Lucas. 13. Settlement breeding European Starlings areas: oflawns vs. anthropogenic wastes Clergeau. 14. Variation timing between suburban wildland Florida Scrub-Jays: Do physiologic measures reflect different environments? S.J. Schoech, Bowman. 3: Populations 15. Western Gulls habitats varying degree influence Pierotti, C. Annett. 16. Causes consequences expanding American Crow populations K.J. McGowan, Donnelly, R.L. Knight. 17. Demographic behavioral comparisons rural Crows K. McGowan. 18. success nest failure Scrub-Jays G.E. Woolfenden. 19. Synurbanization Magpie Palearctic Jerzak. 20. Maccaw relation population density western Amazon basin Brooks, A.J. Begazo. 21. Waterbird production an center Alaska M.R. North. 4: Communities 22. Creating a homogeneous avifauna R.B. Blair. 23. Avian community characteristics greenspaces St. Louis, Missouri Azerrad, C.H. Nilon. 24. Chicago region 'Chicago Wilderness' initiative J.D. Brawn, D.F. Stotz. 25. temporal trends Christmas Counts spatial southwestern Ohio? N.A. Crosby, 26. Survey techniques relationships residential areas Toronto, Canad
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