Ground-State Fermion Parity and Caloric Properties of a Superconducting Nanowire

摘要: The ground-state structure and fermion parity have been determined for a semiconductor nano-wire with strong Rashba spin–orbit interaction proximity-induced superconductivity placed in an external magnetic field under periodic boundary conditions. Allowance the open boundaries is shown to cause topologically nontrivial parameter region be partitioned into set of subregions different fermionic parity. This peculiarity related emergence edge modes nonmonotonically changing excitation energies system as its parameters change. At quantum transition point, at which changes, edge-mode energy zero. magneto- electrocaloric effects are effective characteristics that allow series transitions nanowire identified experimentally. These low temperatures exhibit anomalous behavior stable Majorana realized long nanowires.