Male fertility in Greece: Trends and differentials by education level and employment status

摘要: AbstractBACKROUNDMore than downplayed, the role of men in demographic analysis reproduction has been entirely neglected. However, male fertility can be an important issue for exploring how economic and employment uncertainties relate to family dynamics.OBJECTIVEThis paper intends study variations over time, relying solely on data referring father's socio-demographic characteristics; particular, their age, education level, status.METHODSWe use a combination Labor Force Survey Demographic Statistics population Vital births estimate indicators differentials by level status, period 1992-2011 Greece. In addition, over-time developments TFR are separated into structural (education-specific employment-specific distributions) behavioral (fertility, per se) changes.RESULTSWe find that is declining, pattern moving higher ages, getting shorter. From 1992 up 2008, changes were mostly driven rather compositional factors. decline recession (2008-2011) largely attributed continuous decrease proportions employed men.CONCLUSIONSThe suggests merits further exploration. years downturn countries where household living standards associated with employment, employability likely emerge as increasingly factor outcomes.(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)1. IntroductionWhen it comes research, conventionally female- oriented. Most theories developed detect explain human not gender-specific, they rarely, if ever, examine female behavior separately, case mortality migration research. Fertility focuses mother's characteristics, such race, marital status or education, order identify explanatory factors behind differing rates overtime variations. Significantly less attention given men; income long only feature involved relevant analysis. Consequently, all female-dominated: rates, whether general, total age-specific, age-sex group at risk. Therefore, main measures fact measures. More neglected.A number explanations have put forward defend this state affairs. Concentrating women primarily justified biological reasons. Unlike among males, fecundity conditioned strictly defined age limitations, well social cultural influences post-natal practices (such breastfeeding abstinence). sense, compared fertility, regarded more decisive population's reproduction. Though reasons fore, methodological difficulties quality issues equally often evoked why so left out Birth-registration certificates do always include both parents, even (Rendall et al. 1999); out-of-wedlock birth statistics usually omit information about fathers (Greene Biddlecom 2000). Birth considered easier collect but also accurate, being directly whole childbearing procedure. …