Dopamine sulphate: an enigma resolved.

摘要: 1. The source and physiological significance of dopamine (DA) sulphate, which exists in plasma at much higher concentrations than free DA, have long been a puzzle. present article reviews how the convergence modern molecular traditional clinical approaches is shedding new light on origins meaning DA sulphate. 2. sulphotransferase isoenzyme responsible for production sulphate humans (SULT1A3) has cloned shown to be expressed large quantities gastro-intestinal tract, but not liver. No orthologue SULT1A3 yet identified other species, consistent with greater importance conjugation most animals. 3. Diet major impact dramatic increases after ingestion meals foods rich biogenic amines; however, substantial amounts remaining prolonged fasting indicate presence mainly endogenous source. lack influence acute or chronic changes sympathetic outflow sympathoneural degeneration indicates that does derive from nerve. Relatively low rates intravenously infused very little (< 2%) derives metabolism circulating such as red cells platelets. 4. Consistent increments arterial outflowing venous draining mesenteric organs, without across organs tissues (e.g., heart, lungs, liver), gastrointestinal tract more 75% produced body. also site novel autocrine/paracrine system produces nearly 50% Therefore, appears reflect an enzymatic 'gut-blood' barrier detoxifying dietary amines delimiting effects generated 'third catecholamine system'.