An introduction to the European Hydrological System — Systeme Hydrologique Europeen, “SHE”, 1: History and philosophy of a physically-based, distributed modelling system

摘要: Abstract The paper forms the first part of an introduction to SHE, a physically-based, distributed, catchment modelling system produced jointly by Danish Hydraulic Institute, British Institute Hydrology and SOGREAH (France) with financial support Commission European Communities. SHE developed from perception that conventional rainfall/runoff models are inappropriate many pressing hydrological problems, especially those related impact man's activities on land-use change water quality. Only through use which have physical basis allow for spatial variations within can these problems be tackled. flexible operating structure allows model as or few data available also incorporate topography, vegetation soil properties not normally included in models. It does require lengthy hydrometeorological record its calibration distributed nature enables variability inputs outputs simulated. However, large amount required means new operation methodologies must evolved. Thus scale effects simply lack may create significant uncertainties values parameters used simulation. These will give rise corresponding predictions. is able quantify carrying out sensitivity analyses realistic ranges parameter values. Even when there data, therefore, act valuable “decision-support system”.