Meeting the challenges of on-host and off-host water balance in blood-feeding arthropods

摘要: In this review, we describe water balance requirements of blood-feeding arthropods, particularly contrasting dehydration tolerance during the unfed, off-host state and challenges excess that accompany receipt bloodmeal. Most basic characteristics stage are applicable to other terrestrial as well. A well-coordinated suite responses enable arthropods conserve resources, enhance their desiccation tolerance, increase supplies by employing a diverse array molecular, structural behavioral responses. Water loss rates phase useful for generating scheme classify vectors according habitat water, thus providing convenient tool with potential predictive power defining suitable current future vector habitats. Blood-feeding elicits an entirely different set responds overhydration quickly increasing its rate cuticular elevating diuresis void condense Immature stages feed on blood normally have net in content at end cycle, but adults reverts pre-feeding level when cycle is completed. Common themes evident blood, physiological mechanisms used respond sudden influx well counter shortfalls encountered non-feeding, state.