AN INDIGENOUS PREDATOR, THE GOLDEN JACKAL (CANIS AUREUS L.1758) SPREADING LIKE AN INVASIVE SPECIES IN HUNGARY

摘要: Golden jackal (Canis aureus Linneaus 1758) was one of the indigenious predators in Hungary. It disappeared from Hungarian fauna by ’50s last century (1). The first specimen reappeared years ’70s (1), then observations became frequent beginning ’90. breeding pairs were detected near southern border middle ’90s and huge populations established mainly counties. In same time more articles published about its appearing, increasing Europe (Slovakia, Romania, Transsylvania, Slovenia, Ukraine, Austria, Italy) (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,). Simultaneously provable settling down Hungary, monitoring population status spreading species has started. project contains three independent methods: mail questionnaire survey among Game Management Units (GMU), hunting bag datas on basis National Database fieldworks (collecting proof specimens, acoustic survey). We followed attention changing 10 (1997: 11 specimen, 2005: 140 specimen), GMUs observed between 1997-2006 (1997:4, 2006:67). Numerous specimens (54 carcasses, 8 skins/skulls) registered a relatively short period (7 years). Results done (2004-2006) large research area ( Bacs-Kiskun county) verified continuous presence jackal. studied method two main distribution areas size is eminent these areas. highest density that we counted 13,6 specimen/1000 ha. above fox ever Hungary (13,0 specimen/1000ha). –as well-monitorable species- been intensively showing characteristics invasive species. Our results show only limiting factor quality habitat (hiding-place minimal disturbing). expansion uncontinuous- contrast to Red fox. preferred habitats (core areas) can increase high very time.