Deep-water renewal in the northern North Atlantic

摘要: THE renewal of the deep water world's oceans is accomplished through input dense in both northern North Atlantic and around Antarctica but direct measurement rate has proved elusive. Here we describe first successful long-term transport inflow component where it passes south along Continental Slope off East Greenland. There observe a cold, bottom-intensified, long-slope flow with maximum speeds 100 cm s-1, mean up to 25–30 dominant fluctuation timescale few days period little seasonal or interannual variation speed direction. We estimate at densities (σΘ)≥=27.80 be stable 10.7x 106 m3 s-1 propose circulation scheme for waters this density throughout gyre.