Between-group encounters among bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata)

摘要: Socioecological theory suggests that between-group competition is an important factor affecting the nature of primate social relationships. Between-group encounters in macaques may involve female resource defense, male mate and defense. We observed two groups (a forest group a temple group) bonnet (Macaca radiata). 102 875 h observation (1.40 per 12-h day) 58 907 (0.77 day). Aggressive interactions between occurred 32.4% 29.3% groups, respectively. Overall, we found little support for defense hypothesis. Females both rarely participated aggressively encounters. For example, males were more aggressive during mating season than non-mating season. Males also to females from their own immediately following partial Encounters feeding context often expected based on time budgets. Also, food-related other The findings this study suggest socioecological models relationships need distinguish strategies integrate resulting functional outcomes.