Changing Patterns of Chinese Immigration and Diaspora-Homeland Interactions in Singapore and the United States

摘要: After several decades’ hiatus, there has been a sustained surge of Chinese emigration and resurgent opportunities for transnational activity since 1978. In this paper, we engage with the burgeoning literature on transnationalism, focusing roles immigrant agency, disaporic communities, nation states to examine means consequences diasporahomel interactions in different host societies. Specifically, address following questions: (1) How do histories receiving contexts matter shaping diasporic formation? (2) Who is involved diaspora-homeland what actors play? (3) What bearing immigrants’ engagements have their hostland integration? Through comparative analysis contemporary immigration Singapore United States, interrelations among each plays cross-border activities. We find that differences affect formation. also immigrants maintain ties homeland, or sending state governments reach out expatriates, through communities despite Moreover, varied levels diaspora integration into countries how respond transnationalism. Finally, discuss implications homeland-diaspora interactions, showing transnationalism utilized by new as an alternative socioeconomic status attainment it facilitates, rather than hinders,