Autonomic nerves and perivascular fat: interactive mechanisms.

摘要: The evidence describing the autonomic innervation of body fat is reviewed with a particular focus on role sympathetic neurotransmitters. In compiling evidence, strong case emerges for interaction between nerves and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). Adipocytes have been shown to express receptors neurotransmitters released from nearby varicosities such as adrenoceptors (ARs), purinoceptors neuropeptide Y (NPY). Noradrenaline can modulate both lipolysis (via α2- β3-ARs) lipogenesis α1- β3-ARs). ATP inhibit P1 purinoceptors) or stimulate P2y purinoceptors). NPY, which be produced by adipocytes nerves, inhibits lipolysis. Thus triad transmitters influence adipocyte free fatty acid (FFA) content. Substance P (SP) sensory has also promote Therefore, we propose mechanism whereby neurotransmission simultaneously activate smooth muscle cells in tunica media cause vasoconstriction alter FFA content release adjacent PVAT. endothelial function. range vasoactive substances, relaxing contractile factors, including adiponectin reactive oxygen species. action adipokines (such adiponectin) species (ROS) vascular adventitia yet fully elucidated. We hypothesise link PVAT fibres suggest that this poorly understood relationship extremely important normal function warrants detailed study.