Implications of Climate Change for the Petrochemical Industry: Mitigation Measures and Feedstock Transitions

摘要: For over half a century, society has relied on the products of organic chemical industry to supply clothes we wear, food eat, our health, housing, transportation, security, and other commodities. Approximately 92 % are derived from oil gas. In addition, these same resources generally used provide large quantities process heat power needed by industry. modern petrochemical industry, gas inputs for both raw material energy compose around 50 operating costs. Not only is (including petrochemicals) industrial sector with highest emissions worldwide, it also very vulnerable variations in fossil fuel prices and, potentially, climate policies. Efficiency long been major factor determining competitiveness petrochemicals, high success rate reducing its intensity. Yet, while global use grew globally 12 between 2002 2012, feedstocks 21 %. It now represents 9 total 6 use. Reducing greenhouse (GHG) an that so dependent fuels presents significant challenge. This chapter introduces history establishment close relationship recently come under strain as new sources increasingly exploited, growth hydrocarbon demand outpaces sources. goes describe some processes, their GHG emissions, geographical variations. The benefits challenges several technological mitigation options discussed. These recycling, efficiency gains through cogeneration, CO2 capture storage (CCS), feedstock switching via biorefining.