Systematics and evolutionary history of heavy metal tolerant Thlaspi caerulescens in Western Europe: evidence from genetic studies based on isozyme analysis

摘要: Abstract Thlaspi caerulescens is distributed in Europe on metalliferous and not soils. Individuals from populations growing heavy metal contaminated soils are well known as hyperaccumulators of zinc cadmium. The taxonomical treatment subspecies unsettled. We investigated the degree genetic variation among 28 with isozyme analysis to compare inter- intrapopulational diversity. British material environments recognized sylvestre T. occitanicum quite similar each other level polymophisms, but they more closely related non-contaminated stands Scandinavia Middle than metallophytes Continental Europe. Our findings indicate that a subdivision possible and, furthermore, tolerance might have evolved twice different areas. trait hyperaccumulation frequently found numerous relatives caerulescens, it suggested this has been established manifested sites during postglacial colonization. From only non-metallophytes known. These very level. This fits hypothesis was introduced recent times by human activity. Despite full self-compatibility we estimated varying outcrossing rates up 0.88 0.658 depending population size structure.