Genetics of alcoholism: Role of the endogenous opioid system

摘要: At the present time alcoholism is recognized as a metabolic disease exhibiting clinical features of craving for alcohol, loss control over drinking, tolerance and physical dependence on while both epidemiological experimental studies have demonstrated that genetic factors may be important in determining whether an individual has high or low vulnerability to develop alcoholism. Evidence also indicates not characterized by single gene allele inheritance. Instead it seems multiple genes environmental interact increase decrease individual's become alcoholic. Current research aimed at investigating certain behavioral, physiological biochemical markers are highly associated with incidence Among currently under investigation endogenous opioid system its implication mediating reinforcing effects ethanol. It objective this manuscript review current on: (a) interactions ethanol molecular level; (b) existence genetically determined differences response between subjects risk excessive consumption, well lines animals showing preference aversion solutions; (c) alcohol consumption following pretreatment antagonists; (d) possible use specific receptor antagonists together behavioral therapy modify drinking behavior, prevent relapse.