Advances in element speciation analysis of biomedical samples using synchrotron-based techniques

摘要: Abstract Synchrotron-radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a direct method for speciation analysis with atomic resolution, providing information about the local chemical environment of probed element. This article gives an overview basic principles XAS and its application to element in biomedical research. The principle experimental modalities are introduced, followed by discussion both limitations, such as beam damage or detection limits, practical advices improve experiments. An updated review studies involving published over last 5 years then provided, paying special attention metal-based drug biotransformation, metal nanoparticle toxicology, cancer, neurological, general pathophysiology. Finally, trends future developments hyphenated methods, situ correlative imaging speciation, in vivo Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES), full-field XANES, Free Electron Laser (XFEL) presented.