Literature review—efficacy of various disinfectants against Legionella in water systems

摘要: There have been reported outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease at hospitals and industrial facilities, which prompted the development various preventive measures. For example, Ford has developing implementing such a measure its facilities worldwide to provide technical guidance for controlling Legionella in water systems. One key issues is selection disinfectant(s) optimum conditions use. Therefore, available publications on disinfectants disinfection processes used inactivation bacteria were reviewed. Two methods reviewed: chemical thermal. methods, metal ions (copper silver), oxidizing agents (halogen containing compounds [chlorine, bromine, iodine, chlorine dioxide, chloramines, halogenated hydantoins], ozone, hydrogen peroxide), non-oxidizing (heterocyclic ketones, guanidines, thiocarbamates, aldehydes, amines, thiocyanates, organo-tin compounds, amides, glycols), UV light. In general, found be more effective than ones. Among agents, known widely used. 2,2-dibromo-3-nitropropionamide appears most followed by glutaraldehyde. Isothiazolin (known as Kathon), polyhexamethylene biguanide, 2-bromo-2-nitropropionamide Bronopol) less Thermal > 60 degrees C (140 F).