Functions of EDS1-like and PAD4 genes in grapevine defenses against powdery mildew.

摘要: The molecular interactions between grapevine and the obligate biotrophic fungus Erysiphe necator are not understood in depth. One reason for this is recalcitrance of to genetic modifications. Using defense-related Arabidopsis mutants that susceptible pathogens, we were able analyze key components defense responses. We have examined functions genes associated with salicylic acid (SA) pathway, including ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1), EDS1-LIKE 2 (EDL2), EDL5 PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 4 (PAD4) two species, Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon, which E. necator, V. aestivalis Norton, resistant. Both VaEDS1 VvEDS1 previously found functionally complement eds1-1 mutant. Here show promoters both induced by SA, indicating heightened Norton related its high SA level. Other than Va/VvEDS1, only VaEDL2 complemented eds1-1, whereas Va/VvPAD4 did pad4-1. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation results indicated EDS1 EDL2 proteins interact PAD4 AtPAD4, suggesting EDS1/EDL2 forms a complex confer resistance, as known from Arabidopsis. However, or PAD4, correlating their inability function Together, our study suggests more complicated EDS1/PAD4 module provides insight into mechanisms determine disease resistance levels species native North American continent.