Plasmodium berghei Sporozoites Acquire Virulence and Immunogenicity during Mosquito Hemocoel Transit

摘要: Malaria is a vector-borne disease caused by the single-cell eukaryote Plasmodium. The infectious parasite forms are sporozoites, which originate from midgut-associated oocysts, where they eventually egress and reach mosquito hemocoel. Sporozoites actively colonize salivary glands in order to be transmitted mammalian host. Whether residence provides distinct vital cues for development of infectivity remains unsolved. In this study, we systematically compared Plasmodium berghei sporozoites isolated hemocoel glands. Hemocoel display lower proportion gliding motility but develop into liver stages when added cultured hepatoma cells or after intravenous injection mice. Mice infected had blood infections similar those induced liberated These mice indistinguishable systemic inflammatory cytokine responses experimental cerebral malaria. When used as metabolically active, live attenuated vaccine, elicit substantial protection against sporozoite challenge infections. Collectively, these findings show that gland colonization does not influence virulence host administered intravenously. This conclusion has important implications vitro production manufacturing whole-sporozoite vaccines.