Functional Brain Mapping Options for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery

摘要: Minimally invasive intracranial neurosurgery depends on the ability to localize accurately operative target and its relationship any neighboring eloquent areas. There are several methods of mapping cortical function, including intracarotid amytal injection test (IAT or Wada test), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetoencephalography (MEG), direct electro-cortical stimulation (ECS), transcranial magnetic (TMS), functional resonance imaging (fMRI). Some these tests (PET, FMRI, MEG) activation techniques, meaning they demonstrate brain activation, which occurs when subject performs a particular behavioral task. In contrast, traditionally used for determination cortex (ECS, IAT) essentially deactivation that temporary lesion is created pharmacologically electrically effects measured. Deactivation studies well suited pre-resection evaluation function because mimic resection tissue; however, their use limited by invasiveness. Transcranial promising relatively less technique can be performed through an intact skull.